Journal: Journal of Sport and Health Science

Article Title: Weightlifting outperforms voluntary wheel running for improving adiposity and insulin sensitivity in obese mice

doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101100

Figure Lengend Snippet: Resistance exercise exceeds the benefits of endurance exercise in ameliorating metabolic dysfunction. Following 8 weeks of diet and exercise interventions, all mice were assessed for their metabolic function by GTT, ITT, and skeletal muscle response of Akt and AS160 phosphorylation to injection of insulin measured by Western blot. (A–C) HOMA-IR taken after an overnight fast for baseline glucose and insulin. (D and E) GTT from 0–120 min and calculated AUC; colored * indicates significant difference from NC-SED. (F and G) ITT from 0–60 min and calculated AUC; colored * indicates significant difference from NC-SED. (H–N) pAkt stimulation, AS160 S318, and AS160 T642 in hindlimb muscles before and after insulin injection and the pre–post ∆ in phosphorylation. (O and P) Total and phosphorylated 4E-BP1. (Q–T) Western results for Raptor, COX4, LC3 II/I, and ubiquitin staining. Representative western blot images inset right. Data presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical analysis performed by analysis of variance between groups: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001. NC-SED n : 8–16 (white); HFD-SED n : 8–18 (red); HFD-R EX n : 8–16 (blue); HFD-E EX n : 8–15 (green). 4E-BP1 = Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein; Akt = protein kinase B; AS160 = Akt substrate 160; COX4 = cytochrome c oxidase 4; CS = citrate sythase; E EX = endurance exercise; GAPDH = glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase; GTT = glucose tolerance test; HFD = high fat diet; HOMA-IR = homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; iAUC = integrated area under the curve; ITT = insulin tolerance test; LC3 II/I = microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; NC = normal chow; pAkt = phospho-Akt; R EX = resistance exercise; SED = sedentary; Ub = ubiquitin.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used for analysis were from Cell Signaling Technologies (Danvers, MA, USA) and diluted 1:1000 unless otherwise stated as follows: protein kinase B (Akt; 1:500; #4691; Cell Signaling Technologies), phospho-Akt (pAkt) S473 (1:500; #9271; Cell Signaling Technologies), Ubiquitin (#3933; Cell Signaling Technologies), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3 II/I; #4018; Cell Signaling Technologies), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4(COX4; #11967; Cell Signaling Technologies), Akt substrate 160 (AS160 S318; #8619; Cell Signaling Technologies), AS160 T642 (#8881; Cell Signaling Technologies), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein (4E-BP1; #9452; Cell Signaling Technologies), and glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; #2118; Cell Signaling Technologies).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Injection, Western Blot, Muscles, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Staining, Binding Assay

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Lineage-specific and gestational age–dependent DNA methylation programming orchestrates human placental development

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aee0560

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Pie chart showing the proportion and number of methylated1 and escapee1 5-kb bins from TE to the first-trimester CTB. ( B ) Pie chart showing the proportion and number of methylated2 and escapee2 5-kb bins from the first- to third-trimester CTB. ( C ) Box plots showing the DNA methylation, H3K9me3, H3K9ac, and expression levels of genes and repeats undergoing methylation (genes, 25,044; repeats, 3,799,552) or escapee (genes, 10,225; repeats, 232,372) in the first-trimester CTB from TE to the first trimester. Significance between the groups was evaluated by Student’s t test. ( D ) GO enrichment analysis for methylated1 and escapee1 genes from TE to the first-trimester CTB. ( E ) qRT-PCR analysis of representative methylated1 or escapee1 genes in human embryonic stem cell (hESC), hTSC, and the first-trimester CTB. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( GAPDH ) is set as an endogenous control. Data are presented as means ± SD (three biological replicates). ( F ) Box plots showing the DNA methylation, H3K9me3, H3K9ac, and expression levels of genes and repeats undergoing methylation (genes, 22,098; repeats, 2,847,005) or escapee (genes, 15,384; repeats, 1,217,495) in the third-trimester CTB from the first to third trimesters. Significance between the groups was evaluated by Student’s t test.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked with protein-free rapid blocking buffer and next incubated with EED (85322S, Cell Signaling Technology), EZH2 (39901, Active motif), SUZ12 (3737S, Cell Signaling Technology), H3K9me3 (39161, Active motif), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, 60004-1-Ig, Proteintech), H3K27me3 (C15410195, Diagenode), H3 (4499, Cell Signaling Technology), CDH1 (3195S, Cell Signaling Technology), CDH2 (ab18203, Abcam), EpCAM (MA5-12436, Thermo Fisher Scientific), MMP2 (40994S, Cell Signaling Technology), and DNMT1 (24206-1-AP, Proteintech) overnight at 4°C on a shaker.

Techniques: DNA Methylation Assay, Expressing, Methylation, Analysis, Quantitative RT-PCR, Stem Cell, Control, Significance Assay